The world faces two major challenges today. One is to deal with an ever-growing global population, ensuring that communities can sustain living standards. The second is climate change and reversing these effects of global warming.
Fossil resources are becoming ever scarcer. Prices are rising at the same time; concerns are growing about unhealthy dependency on raw materials from politically unstable regions. Fears about going to extremes such as the pollution disaster as experienced in the Gulf of Mexico; BP Horizon rig. More urgent is the problem of the environment: carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ammoniac, particular matter and assorted solvents are bleached into the Earth’s atmosphere every day.
Solar Petrol Station, United Kingdom
A quarter of the world’s greenhouse gasses are emitted during the process of generating and distributing power. The power utility industry is thus already the second-largest source of greenhouse gasses (after agriculture). Yet population growth and economic expansion will only add to the world’s voracious appetite for energy in the coming decade. Especially in developing and emerging countries, demand for energy will increase rapidly. Simply extrapolating the current trend in energy demand to create a projected benchmark for 2030 produces the following outcomes:
- Global energy demand for energy will soar by more than 50% to 17 gigatons of oil equivalent.
- Global oil production will also increase by 40% if they can find it.
- Global coal production by 30%
- Fossil fuel will cover 80 of energy requirements. (From the international energy agency)
Any development of this magnitude would have a dramatic impact and affect on CO2 emissions, which would increase at 1.7 % more than annual growth in power consumption. BY 20-30, harmful emissions would thus stand at 40 gigatons a year – 14 gigatons more that 2004!
The challenge is therefore to make power generation more sustainable – and to do so worldwide. The world is moving away from nuclear power and fossil fuels towards harvesting renewable energies and greater energy efficiency.
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